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РФ ждет дефицит гречки, импортируют крупу из Поднебесной (ВИДЕО)

Минусом являются обедненные почвы КНР и недостаток микроэлементов.

 

Несмотря на то, что Россия считается одной из главных стран-потребителей этой крупы, ее родиной является Китай. Казалось бы, что именно там должны выращивать самую лучшую гречку, но оказывается, ситуация обстоит совсем иначе.

Лидирующую позицию по выращиванию гречихи по-прежнему занимает наша страна, а уж только следом идет Поднебесная. Однако в годы неурожая крупу начинают завозить из Азии. Достаточно вспомнить 2010-й год, когда цены на отечественную крупу из-за засухи взлетели до небес. Многие эксперты прогнозируют повторение истории, поскольку из-за непогоды Россию вновь ожидает дефицит гречки.

По прогнозам специалистов, опрошенных Forbes, себестоимость производства в разы увеличилась, в отличие от самих цен на гречку. Из-за этого, по прогнозам, аграрии могут сократить посевные площади на треть, что приведет к росту цен на крупу в следующем году.

Помимо этого, синоптики также предрекают аномально жаркое и засушливое лето, а эксперты Россельхозцентра предупреждают о нашествии саранчи в новом сезоне в нескольких регионах РФ, включая Алтай, Воронежскую, Оренбургскую и Новосибирскую область, где как раз-таки и выращивают гречиху. Все это намекает на то, что крупа из Китая имеет все шансы заполонить полки российских магазинов. Но так или она полезна, как отечественная?

«Доктор Питер» побеседовал с И.о. декана факультета естественных наук Государственного университета просвещения Ириной Лялиной и выяснил, как отличить российской гречку от китайскую, и какую опасность скрывает в себе первая.

Как отличить китайскую гречку?

Для того, чтобы еще в магазине определить, откуда представленная перед вами крупа, не нужно рвать упаковку и начинать внимательно разглядывать каждое крупинку. Все это можно сделать более бережно и быстро.

Цвет зерна. Это первая характеристика, на которую стоит обратить внимание. Как правило, гречка из Китая на несколько тонов темнее отечественной. В этом нет ничего страшного — так происходит из-за технологий. В Поднебесной крупу обжаривают дважды, вероятнее всего для того, чтобы устранить вредителей и увеличить срок хранения из-за влажности. В России же используют единичную прожарку.

Размер зерна. Китайская гречка представляет собой более мелкие семена округлой формы. В российской же встречаются как мелкие, так и крупные семена гречихи угловато-треугольной формы.

По запаху. Зачастую гречка из Китая может иметь прелый запах в связи с нарушением правил транспортировки и хранения при перевозке. Нередко на ней даже может появиться плесень по тем же самым причинам. Само собой, покупать такую гречку не стоит.

По вкусу. Если у вас уже есть пакет гречки дома, то отварите ее и присмотрись как она разварилась. Китайская крупа не меняет свой насыщенный коричневый цвет и остается более сухой. Помимо этого она также может немного горчить из-за двойной прожарки.

Таит ли в себе опасность китайская гречка?

Специалист объясняет, что в Китае поля гречихи активно обрабатывают пестицидами от вредителей, болезней и сорняков. Тем не менее подобная практика может применяться и в любой другой стране, поэтому в данном случае важно лишь соблюдать рекомендации к применению и дозировке пестицидов, чтобы свести к минимуму риск негативного воздействия на окружающую среду и здоровье человека.

«Китайские фермы предпочитают использовать методы органического земледелия или альтернативные методы контроля вредителей, а также активно внедряются строгие стандарты безопасности пищевой продукции, и возделыватели должны следовать этим нормам при обработке своих урожаев», — рассказывает эксперт.

Не стоит забывать, что продукция из Китая также проходит строгий фитоконтроль, проверку на предельно допустимую концентрацию различных веществ и некоторые другие аспекты.

Все эти факторы смело заявляют нам о том, что в китайской гречневой крупе нет ничего страшного. Мы можем смело делать выбор в ее пользу, не переживая о том, какие последствия могут поджидать нас в последующем. Тем не менее, один существенный минус в копилку гречки из Поднебесной все же есть.

«Китайская гречка не такая полезная, как наша. Гречка из Китая скудна на микроэлементы, так как ее выращивают на обедненных почвах, без учета севооборота», — заключает эксперт.


Read full article on: bb.lv
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