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Hulporganisaties vrezen voor humanitaire situatie Gaza na overname Rafah-grens

Op de korte termijn is het vooruitzicht somber voor de honderdduizenden Palestijnen met ernstige honger in Gaza. De twee belangrijkste toevoerlocaties voor noodhulp zijn dicht sinds Israël vandaag de grensovergang bij Rafah heeft ingenomen. De overgang bij Kerem Shalom, in de zuidoostelijke punt van Gaza, werd zondag al afgesloten na een raketaanval door Hamas.

In het noorden van Gaza is volgens de VN al sprake van hongersnood en hulporganisaties waarschuwen dat die humanitaire crisis verder zal verslechteren door de sluiting van de grensovergangen. "De catastrofale honger in Noord-Gaza zal nog veel erger worden als de toevoerroutes wegvallen", zei VN-hulporganisatie UNRWA op X. Volgens een woordvoerder van OCHA, de VN-organisatie voor humanitaire hulp, was deze ochtend "een van de duisterste in deze zeven maanden durende nachtmerrie".

'Terug bij af'

Ook Michiel Servaes, directeur van Oxfam Novib in Nederland, vreest het ergste. "De grensovergangen zijn de levenslijn voor twee miljoen Gazanen", vertelt hij. "In zekere zin zijn we terug bij af. Het hele gebied is afgesloten en mensen zijn weer overgeleverd aan de spullen die ze nog hebben."

Het doet hem denken aan de eerste weken na 7 oktober, toen de grenzen van Gaza volledig dicht waren. "Maar de mensen zijn er nu al slecht aan toe. Als humanitaire hulp uitblijft, komen mensen in acute nood."

Servaes heeft nauw contact met zijn collega's in Gaza en hoort dat de effecten direct merkbaar zijn. "Ik heb gehoord dat de voedselprijzen op de markt vijf keer zo hoog zijn geworden."

Nog genoeg brandstof voor één dag

Sinds de sluiting van de twee belangrijkste grensovergangen wordt alleen de grensovergang bij Erez in het noorden van Gaza nog gebruikt. Daar kwamen vandaag wel een aantal vrachtwagens met noodhulp binnen, zegt een VN-woordvoerder, maar dat is bij lange na niet genoeg. Bovendien zou bij die noodhulp geen brandstof hebben gezeten.

En juist daaraan is behoefte. Volgens OCHA heeft Gaza nog maar voor één dag brandstof. De toevoer van benzine en diesel is cruciaal om stroom op te wekken voor bijvoorbeeld ziekenhuizen.

'Catastrofale voedselonzekerheid

In maart luidde het IPC, de internationale waakhond voor voedselzekerheid, de noodklok. Volgens een voorspelling zouden 1,1 miljoen Gazanen tussen 16 maart en 15 juli te maken krijgen met 'catastrofale voedselonzekerheid' (fase 5). Dat is het hoogste waarschuwingsniveau dat het IPC kan geven en houdt in dat het voedselgebrek dusdanig is dat het fataal kan zijn.

Hulporganisaties als Human Rights Watch en Oxfam Novib beschuldigen Israël van het inzetten van honger als wapen.

NOS op 3 maakte eerder deze video over honger in Gaza:

De afgelopen maand liet Israël mondjesmaat meer noodhulp toe. Uit data van OCHA blijkt dat de laatste tijd meer medicijnen, brandstof en voedsel de afgesloten enclave binnenkwamen. Gisteren passeerden bijvoorbeeld ruim 340 trucks de grensposten van Gaza. Dat was nog altijd minder dan de 500 dagelijkse vrachtladingen van voor de oorlog, maar fors meer dan in de eerste maanden van de oorlog.

De VN waarschuwde gisteren nog dat dat bij lange na niet genoeg is om hongersnood te voorkomen. Daarnaast worden de mensen die de noodhulp het hardst nodig hebben niet bereikt, zei de directeur van VN-organisatie UNRWA. "Als we toestemming vragen voor een konvooi van het zuiden naar het noorden, wordt dat systematisch afgewezen."

En nu de belangrijkste grensovergangen gesloten zijn, nemen de zorgen over de humanitaire situatie in Gaza verder toe. Daarbovenop vrezen Gazanen voor een breder offensief in Rafah. Gisteren riep Israël de bevolking van Oost-Rafah op om uit het gebied te vertrekken naar Khan Younis of de kustplaats Al-Mawasi, maar hulporganisaties zetten hun vraagtekens bij de veiligheid van deze 'humanitaire zones'.

Groot deel ziekenhuizen verwoest

Een groot deel van de ziekenhuizen in de Gazastrook is beschadigd of helemaal verwoest. 23 ziekenhuizen zijn niet meer operationeel vanwege materiële schade of gebrek aan elektriciteit of brandstof. De rest is slechts deels of minimaal actief.

Dat is een humanitair drama: hulpverleners zeggen dat Gazanen bijna nergens meer terechtkunnen als ze ziek, gewond of ondervoed zijn. Nu de toevoer van brandstof helemaal stilstaat, is onduidelijk wat dat zal betekenen voor de ziekenhuizen die nog (deels) operationeel zijn.

Het is dan ook vooral dat gebrek aan brandstof dat hulporganisaties zorgen baart. Zo vertelt Servaes dat zijn collega's van Oxfam nog brandstof hebben voor drie à vier dagen. "Daarna kunnen zij zich niet meer door het gebied verplaatsen en is het verspreiden van noodhulp onmogelijk", vertelt hij. "Ik weet niet exact hoe het met andere hulporganisaties zit, maar het zou mij niet verbazen als zij ook geen grote voorraden aan brandstof hebben."


Read full article on: nos.nl
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