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Toomaj Salehi, la “voz de Irán” condenado a muerte por sedición y propaganda

Toomaj Salehi, la “voz de Irán” condenado a muerte por sedición y propaganda

“Si se quiere ejecutar a Toomaj Salehi, se quiere ejecutar a Irán, a la juventud que representa a todos los pueblos y clases sociales”. La dibujante y cineasta franco-iraní Marjane Satrapi justificó así por qué ha dedicado su premio Princesa de Asturias de Comunicación y Humanidades 2024 al rapero iraní que fue condenado a muerte la semana pasada. Según confirmó su abogado, por una serie de cargos que incluyen “sedición, propaganda contra el sistema e incitación al caos”.

El artista de 33 años fue detenido en 2022 por “corrupción en la Tierra” y “enemistad con Dios”, tras participar en las protestas antigubernamentales por la muerte de Mahsa Amini. La joven falleció tras haber sido arrestada por la llamada Policía de la Moral por llevar mal puesto el velo, prenda obligatoria en el país persa; y las controvertidas circunstancias de su muerte sacudieron el país.

El rapero comenzó su carrera con 24 años con temas cuyas letras han girado desde entonces en torno a la corrupción, la represión, al pobreza y la discriminación. Su padre pasó ocho años en prisión como preso político. Meses antes de las protestas por Mahsa Amini, Salehi fue arrestado por su canción Compra una ratonera para esconderte, en la que criticó las políticas autoridades iraníes, a quienes considera apologistas del Gobierno de Irán. En conjunto, las autoridades del país consideraron que sus temas contenían “insultos e incitación a la violencia, incluidos llamamientos a los disturbios”. Días después, fue puesto en libertad bajo fianza.

“Los artistas del Gobierno, todos ellos se han enfrentado a la cárcel. Los basij [milicianos progubernamentales iraníes] y los miembros del Ministerio de Información. Todos. Tanto los que están en lo más alto como los que están en lo más bajo están intentando y luchando”, entona en otro de sus temas, Faal, lanzado en 2022. “¿A cuánta gente joven habéis asesinado para construir una torre para vosotros mismos? Algunos se culpan entre ellos. Alguien ha tenido que pagar testigos”, añade su letra.

Golpes, huesos y dientes rotos

Más tardía fue la resolución de su arresto por intervenir en la movilización por la muerte de la joven en 2022. Toomaj Salehi fue finalmente puesto en libertad bajo fianza en noviembre de 2023, pero días después volvió a ser encerrado, acusado de “difundir acusaciones falsas” tras publicar un vídeo de 14 minutos en sus redes sociales, en el que aseguró que había sido torturado durante su estancia en prisión. El artista fue condenado a seis años y tres meses de cárcel, pero entonces evitó la pena capital gracias a una sentencia del Tribunal Supremo.

En el citado vídeo, el artista aprovechó para “agradecer” todo el apoyo que había recibido durante ese periodo. Aliento que significó especialmente para él por cómo, estando dentro, “hablar con nadie era imposible, incluso con tu familia”. El rapero explicó que las visitas eran muy cortas y que “siempre” eran con “un guardia al lado” supervisando las conversaciones, “evitando que dijeras nada”. Aun así, incluso en ese contexto, le llegaban “algunas noticias” sobre el apoyo que se le estaba dando tanto a él como otros compañeros en las calles, y que aquello le dio “energías” para sobrevivir.

“Hablo por mi y por otros presos políticos que entraron y salieron”, aseguró, víctimas igualmente del “trauma psicológico” que él mismo reconoció haber sufrido. Salehi indicaba en el vídeo que estaba asiendo atacado “muy duramente” al no “poder tenerle retenido en prisión”, en gran parte emitiendo información falsa sobre su persona.

“Han dicho cosas como que 'había confesado' y que 'había delatado a alguien'. ¿Pero a quién iba a delatar?”, planteó. “Todo lo que he hecho está en vuestros teléfonos, no he escondido nada que tuviera que confesar”, sostuvo, además de que no había rapeado para ellos. “Nadie con quien haya trabajado a nivel musical fue detenido antes que yo, ni lo ha sido después. Ni directores, ni compositores, ni nadie”, contó antes de explicar que había sido “duramente torturado” durante su arresto.

“Me rompieron los brazos y las piernas. Me pegaron en la cara y la cabeza, y cuando en un primer momento intenté cubrirme y protegerme con mis manos, me rompieron los dedos. No es algo agradable de compartir, pero duró mucho tiempo”, afirmó, “otros reclusos políticos me dijeron que la inyección que me habían puesto en el cuello era algo muy parecido a la adrenalina para que no me quedara inconsciente y pudiera sentir el máximo dolor posible durante todo el tiempo que durara la tortura”.

Manifestación en defensa de Tomaaj Salehi en Lyon

En caso de que se quejara de que estaban incumpliendo la ley, la respuesta que recibía por parte de los policías era: “¿Qué ley? Podemos hacer lo que queramos”. El artista explicaba que, meses después de sufrir las agresiones, seguía recuperándose, y que iba a intentar “arreglarse los dientes” además de entrar en quirófano para operarse una de las piernas y su mano. “Después podré volver a ser el tipo que siempre quise ser”, confesaba dibujando apenas una sonrisa en su cara. “Espero que vengan días mejores para nosotros por delante. Puede que nos lleve un tiempo pero confío en que lo conseguiremos”, expuso esperanzado, “construiremos una Irán mejor”.

Esta fue su descripción de los 252 días que permaneció aislado, a los que siguieron 12 horas de “tortura brutal” que incluyó, además de los citados golpes, electroshock. “Durante su detención, se le negó la atención médica”, publicó en el texto que acompañó al vídeo.

La condena a muerte

El abogado de Toomaj Salehi informó el pasado miércoles 24 de abril que un tribunal le había condenado a pena de muerte por los cargos citados, además de haber impuesto una prohibición de no salir del país. Tampoco podrá realizar actividades artísticas por un periodo de dos años, dando como válida la condena que anteriormente había sido suspendida por la Justicia. Una semana después, el abogado aseguró que también se le ha prohibido realizar llamadas telefónicas desde la cárcel, debido a la actividad en sus redes sociales, ahora gestionadas por su familia.

La condena a muerte impuesta no ha pasado desapercibida en su país, donde sus defensores colocaron un cartel con un mensaje de apoyo en un puente peatonal que cruza la autopista de Teherán. Una imagen que ha sido compartida ampliamente en redes sociales y por la que igualmente se arriesgaron a ser detenidos. Entre las figuras y organismos que se han postulado en contra de su pena, está el propio Gobierno de España, que reiteró su rechazo a la pena capital “en cualquier circunstancia y en todos los países del mundo”.

Otros artistas como Marjane Strapi han defendido igualmente al artista. “Él es la voz de Irán. Hay que escuchar su rap. Habla de todos los pueblos de Irán, persas, kurdos, todas las clases sociales. De los obreros, la gente de la ciudad. Es alguien que hace llamamiento a la unidad, nunca a la violencia”, aseguró a los medios tras conocer que había sido elegida para recibir el prestigioso galardón.

“Es un chaval al que han roto la mandíbula y la pierna. Imagina cuánto tienen que golpearte para que eso pase”, subrayó la autora de Persépolis. “Era evidente que tenía que dedicarle este premio porque cristaliza todo el país. Y no es algo que diga solo yo, se está viendo en los eslóganes que recorren las calles de Irán. Dado que él ha sido nuestra voz, ahora nos corresponde ser la suya”, concluyó. Las movilizaciones a su favor se han extendido por otros lugares del mundo, como Inglaterra, Alemania, Canadá, Francia y Estados Unidos, donde han identificado su caso como “el culmen de la violación de derechos humanos que se produce en Irán”.


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